Research Proposal on Noise Pollution Essay Example

Research Proposal on Noise Pollution Essay Noise pollution is one of the forms of wave and sound pollution, which is characterized with the impossibility of adaptation of the human and animal organism towards it. Noise is the complex of sounds of various lengths which can cause much harm to the live organisms. Strong noise causes serious physical and psychological consequences on the nervous system, sleep, emotions and productiveness. It is obvious that the relevance of noise pollution is extremely visual nowadays, especially in big cities. With the growth of population and rapid growth of the human settlements and other objects of the anthropogenic origin, the frequency and danger of noise pollution becomes higher and higher. People have not thought about the negative impact of noise on their health till the latest decades and have not treated it like a form of pollution. Due to the professional surveys the rates of noise pollution have increased in five times for the latest 20 years. The most obvious sources of noise pollution are the increase of the means of transport, especially automobiles, railway transport (trams, metro, etc). Big cities are full of cars and there are areas where one can not hear anything because of the huge flow of transport. Then, nearly every big city has its own airport, and it does not worth mentioning that the areas belonging close to the airport have enormous problems with noise. With the development of high technologies the number of the devices which produce sound has increased in hundreds of times. Nearly everyone listens to music, plays music instruments, watches TV, etc. Every big house is equipped with the elevator, air-conditioning systems, etc which also produce much sound. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Noise Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Noise pollution is an urgent problem which has to be solved effectively; otherwise more and more people will suffer from stress and face nervous breakdowns. The developed countries already apply the protecting boards and other systems which reduce noise pollution in the settlements. The student has the chance to broaden the idea further and suggest more methods for the solution of the problem and present them in the well-structured persuasive research proposal. The paper should contain informative facts, the plan of the research and the methods which have been used in the process of investigation. The aim of a research proposal is to convince the professor in the quality of the generated topic, so one is able to prepare an effective text relying on the free example research proposal on noise pollution written by the qualified expert. It is a plus to pay attention to a free sample research proposal on noise pollution in the Internet and learn about the approach towards formatting and composition of the logical text.

Spiny Lobster (Rock Lobster) Facts

Spiny Lobster (Rock Lobster) Facts A spiny lobster is any lobster in the family Palinuridae, which includes at least 60 species. These species are grouped into 12 genera, which include Palinurus, Panulirus, Linuparus, and Nupalirus (word play on the family name). There are numerous names for the spiny lobster. Commonly-used names include the rock lobster, langouste, or langusta. It is also sometimes called a crayfish or crawfish, even though these terms also refer to a separate freshwater animal. Fast Facts: Spiny Lobster Scientific Name: Family Palinuridae (e.g. Panulirus interruptus)Other Names: Rock lobster, langouste, langusta, sea crayfish, furry lobsterDistinguishing Features: Shaped like a true lobster, but has long, spiny antennae and lacks large clawsAverage Size: 60 cm (24 in)Diet: OmnivorousLife Span: 50 years or moreHabitat: Tropical oceans worldwideConservation Status: Depends on speciesKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: MalacostracaOrder: DecapodaFun Fact: Spiny lobsters make a rasping sound using friction at the base of their antennae. Description The spiny lobster resembles a true lobster in its shape and hard exoskeleton, but the two types of crustacean arent closely related. Unlike true lobsters, spiny lobsters have extremely long, thick, spiny antennae. They also lack large claws or chelae, although mature female spiny lobsters have a small claw on their fifth pair of walking legs. The average size of a mature spiny lobster depends on its species, but they may exceed 60 centimeters or 2 feet in length. Specimens of many spiny lobster species are red or brown, but some spiny lobsters have mottled patterns and display vivid colors. Some species of spiny lobster are colorful. DigiPub / Getty Images Distribution Spiny lobsters live in tropical oceans worldwide. However, they are most commonly found in the Caribbean and Mediterranean, in coastal waters off Southeast Asia and Australia, and off the coast of South Africa. Behavior The spiny lobster spends most of its time hidden within a rocky crevice or reef, exiting at night to feed and migrate. During migration, groups of up to 50 spin lobsters move in single file, keeping contact with each other with their antennae. They navigate using scent and taste, as well as through their ability to detect the Earths magnetic field. Reproduction and Life Cycle Spiny lobsters reach sexual maturity when they reach the necessary size, which depends on water temperature and food availability. The average age of maturity is between 5 and 9 years for females and 3 and 6 years for males. During mating, males transfer spermatophores directly into the females sternum. The female spiny lobster carries 120,000 to 680,000 fertilized eggs on her pleopods for around 10 weeks until they hatch. Juvenile painted spiny lobster. Hal Beral / Getty Images Spiny lobster larvae are zooplankton that do not resemble adults. The larvae feed on plankton and go through several molts and larval stages. In the case of the California spiny lobster, 10 molts and larval stages take place between hatching and reaching the juvenile form. Juveniles sink to the bottom of the ocean, where they eat small crabs, amphipods, and isopods until they are big enough to take larger prey. It is difficult to gauge the age of a spiny lobster because it gains a new exoskeleton each time it molts, but the animals lifespan is believed to be 50 years or more. Diet and Predators Spiny lobsters are omnivorous, eating live prey, decaying matter, and plants. During the day, they stay hidden in crevices, but at night they may venture from crevices to hunt. Typical prey include sea urchins, snails, crabs, sea hares, mussels, and clams. Spiny lobsters have not been observed eating other members of their own species. The crustaceans navigate and hunt using senses of smell and taste. Humans are the spiny lobsters most significant predator, as the animals are fished for meat. The spiny lobsters natural predators include sea otters, octopuses, sharks, and bony fishes. Sound When threatened by a predator, the spiny lobster flexes its tail to escape backwards and emits a loud rasping sound. The sound is produced using a stick-slip method, like a violin. The sound emanates when the base of the antennae rubs across a file on the antennal plate. Interestingly, the spiny lobster can make this sound even after it molts and its shell is soft. While some insects (e.g. grasshoppers and crickets) produce sounds in a similar fashion, the spiny lobsters specific method is unique. Conservation Status For most spiny lobster species, there is is insufficient data for conservation status classification. Of the species listed on the IUCN Red List, most are categorized as least concern. However, the common spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) is vulnerable with a decreasing population. The Cape Verde spiny lobster (Palinurus charlestoni) is near threatened. The most significant threat to spiny lobsters is over-exploitation by fisheries. Climate change and single catastrophic events also threaten some species, particularly if they live within a restricted range. Sources Hayward, P. J. and J. S. Ryland (1996). Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford University Press. p. 430. ISBN 0-19-854055-8.Lipcius, R. N. and D. B. Eggleston (2000). Introduction: Ecology and fishery biology of spiny lobsters. In Bruce F. Phillips J. Kittaka. Spiny Lobsters: Fisheries and Culture (2nd ed.). John Wiley Sons. pp. 1–42. ISBN 978-0-85238-264-6.Patek, S. N. and J. E. Baio (2007). The acoustic mechanics of stick-slip friction in the California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus). Journal of Experimental Biology. 210 (20): 3538–3546. doi:10.1242/jeb.009084Sims, Harold W. Jr. (1965). Lets call the spiny lobster spiny lobster. Crustaceana. 8 (1): 109–110. doi:10.1163/156854065X00613

Review Questions Week 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review Questions Week 9 - Essay Example Leaders, such as Martin Luther King incorporated their command of oration and language through stylistic devices such as rhetoric and analogy to reach out to the masses. A charismatic leader has a vision that they work towards and are well equipped in communication techniques with which to share said vision with their followers. They have confidence, a strong conviction in their beliefs, and draw trust from their followers. They actively participate in their movements and are not afraid to take on risks. They strive towards creating formidable bonds with their followers and empower them towards bettering themselves. They use their strengths and admirable elements to sell their ideas to their audiences. Most notably, they are not ashamed or guilty of their beliefs and their ventures. Overtime, leaders have had characteristics that made their style of leadership charismatic. Martin Luther King can best be described as Trustworthy. Mahatma Gandhi through his wisdom brought about empowerment to his followers. Adolf Hitler, in an almost similar way, used his excellent communication skills to sell his beliefs. Nelson Mandela’s vision led to the developed establishment that South Africa is. David Koresh, in spite of his destructive doings, experienced no form of remorse or guilt whatsoever. J.F. Kennedy and Richard Branson are good illustrations of risk orientation and self promotion respectively. The theory of charisma can bear both negativity and positivity and hence its reference as a â€Å"double edged sword.† Leaders that bear positivity are those that empower others and are referred to as socialized charismatic leaders. Their counterparts are self centered and referred to as personalized charismatic leaders. The charismatic leadership theory falls short in its argument that charismatic leaders are identified from situations of crisis as opposed to the outstanding nature of

Summaries of Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summaries of Articles - Essay Example Another form of music of the white and black which came from the same origin is religious music. Beginning in the mid-17th century, black slaves receives religious instructions from their masters. At the same time, British preachers have also started their religious missions in their American colonies thereby influencing both races in the nation. Camp meetings for the black slaves become the most important venue where Africans absorbed hymns and Gospel songs. The shape-note method which is both utilized by black slaves and Americans serve a clear indication of the influence of British in south music. Recognizing the rapid advancement in technology in the modern world, this journal article examines the transformation from music publishing to MP3. The article recognizes the profit motive of business organizations engaged in the production of music and the utilization of technology in order to maximize returns. The author stresses that the understanding of how music evolved can be traced to the understanding of where technology developed. It then equates music popularity and culture with industrialized economies which can produce music most efficiently. From the humble publishing of music, the world has witnessed the burgeoning power of private labels in music production. However, this trend is now being altered through the internet technology which allows artists to market their musical creations to the public. The main argument of the author in the novel is the inexistent conflict between the black and the white. This is highlighted through the four movies which are given as examples in order to prove his point which includes Uncle Tom’s Cabin, The Birth of a Nation, The Jazz Singer, and Gone with the Wind. His apparent goal is to prove that Jewish immigrants and their offspring â€Å"as vaudeville performers, songwriters, and motion picture moguls become the examples for a structure of exploitation produced a

Coping Styles Used by Chronic Health Disorder Sufferers

Coping Styles Used by Chronic Health Disorder Sufferers Analyse and evaluate coping styles used by individuals with a chronic health disorder identified in a case study. Case study; BBC documentary called ‘The Truth about Depression’: (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5YubjEqbZ8) In this essay the author will examine chronic illness with focus on depression and its symptoms as well as critically evaluate coping skills used by individuals with chronic depression. According to better health (2015), a chronic illness is a long term illness, which can be stressful and may change the way a person lives or relates to others. For the purpose of this essay the author will investigate chronic depression (or Dysthymia). Despite mental health professionals’ massive efforts to educate the public, lack of knowledge and misconceptions around resulting in stigma and discrimination (Web MD, 2015). NHS (2015), state that the symptoms of chronic depression are sadness or depressed mood and being physically restless or rundown in a way that is noticeable by others. Fatigue  or loss of energy and problems with concentration or making decisions, a loss of enjoyment in things that were once pleasurable, either weight gain or weight loss of more than five percent of weight within a month, insomnia  or excessive  sleep  almost every day, feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness or excessive guilt and lastly, the most devastating symptom being the almost daily recurring thoughts of death or suicide. According to research carried out by Science Direct (2015), there are a range of different ways an individual can cope. These include; sourcing information on the illness, (which can help combat feelings of helplessness or lack of control), emotional support from others, (particularly family and close friends), setting short-term goals which can restore certainty, power and control and lastly, thinking about possible outcomes and discussing them with health professionals. The overall aim of these coping strategies would be to help the sufferer put into context and give some meaning to what is happening to them. However, not all individuals can achieve this and will find different ways of coping. Whilst coping with depression, individuals need to work on many aspects, contending with sleeping problems, eating, activity, positive and negative emotions, thinking, and relationships. Above all, individuals need to cultivate hope. However, all of these aspects cannot be worked on at the same time. If an individual is severely depressed, their first priority should be their physical health as this can improve their emotional wellbeing by releasing endorphins. These can lift a sufferer’s mood and give them a sense of achievement. Sufferers may also benefit from exercising in groups in order to help build new relationships. However, this coping strategy may not be achievable by all individuals as the participation in such physical activity could be unrealistic due to other underlying health conditions (Everyday Health, 2015). When reality is a nightmare for a sufferer of chronic depression, using sleep as a coping mechanism is simply like clocking out and taking a break from life. However, after sleeping, the reality will continue to make them unhappy. To add to this, a lack of sunlight due to excess sleeping will also lower the mood of the sufferer even further, because it causes an imbalance of certain brain chemicals (Thought Catalogue, 2015). Some other coping skills to practice for sufferers of chronic depression could include; meditation and relaxation techniques. Deep breathing techniques, can activate a relaxation response and help reduce stress. Hobbies are also important in order to set aside time to allow relaxation and escape from the stresses of life, for example, gardening, art therapy, dancing or cooking. One must remember that these techniques may not be suitable for all suffers because of differing interests, or the severity of the depression as they may feel more apprehensive than others to venture out of their surroundings to attend these groups (NHS, 2015). Psychologist World (2015), consider the attachment theory to be important when studying coping styles for chronic depression. Attachment is a biological need and is the basis of the power of therapy ranging from individual to group, hospitalization, and support groups. Ultimately, by the individual establishing or rebuilding secure attachments in friendships, family relationships, and intimate relationships they can start to recover. Stressful life events contribute to the onset of chronic depression. An individual can minimize stress by learning to use coping skills to manage stress. For example, by making sure there is clear communication with doctors, by maintaining emotional balance to cope with negative feelings and maintaining confidence and a positive self-image are essential in the process of remaining well. However, not all individuals can achieve this and find lowering stress levels harder to achieve than others (Help Guide, 2015). Finally hope is the foundation of recovery. What gives an individual hope might change from one time to another. Hope is likely to be intermingled with fear and doubt. One might be afraid to hope for fear of being disillusioned; thus hoping takes courage. Perhaps there’s no firmer ground for hope than the possibility that some good ultimately might come from the painful experience (Share Care, 2010-2015). As well as needing to find ways to deal with the stress involved with chronic depression, from this essay the author has found that an individual will also need to understand their condition, know about the treatments and therapy’s on offer. Maintain trust and confidence in heath professionals, especially when recovery isn’t possible. Know how to control their symptoms by using individual coping skills and lastly maintain social relationships and avoid social isolation. It was also found that obtaining and maintaining good coping skills takes practice. However utilizing these skills becomes easier over time. Most importantly, good coping skills make for good mental health wellness and a way forward from chronic depression. In this essay the author has examined chronic illness focusing on chronic depression and its symptoms. It has also critically evaluated coping skills used by individuals with chronic depression. Bibliography: Allen, J. G. 2003. Substance abuse is a catalyst for depression.Menninger Perspective, 33(1), 17-20. Antony, M. M., Swinson, R. P. 1998.When perfect isnt good enough: Strategies for coping with perfectionism. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger. Bifulco, A., Moran, P. 1998.Wednesdays Child: Research into womens experience of neglect and abuse in childhood, and adult depression. London: Routledge. Every Day Health Media LLC (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.everydayhealth.com/depression-photos/ways-to-cope-with-depression.aspx [Accessed: 5th May 2015]. Hammen, C. (1997).Depression. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press. Health Line (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.healthline.com/health/dysthymia#Overview1 [Accessed: 5th May 2015]. Health Wellness Week (2009) [Online] Available from: http://www.mhww.org/strategies.htmlMental [Accessed: 6th May 2015]. Help Guide. Org (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/dealing-with-depression.htm [Accessed: 5th May 2015]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (1998-2015) http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dysthymia/basics/definition/con-20033879 [Accessed: 7th May 2015]. Medicine Net Inc. (1996-2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.medicinenet.com/dysthymia/article.htm [Accessed: 8th May 2015]. NHS Choices (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Depression/Pages/Symptoms.aspx [Accessed: 7th May 2015]. Psychologist World and Partners (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.psychologistworld.com/developmental/attachment-theory.php [Accessed: 7th May 2015]. Share Care Inc. (2010-2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.sharecare.com/health/depression/health-guide/major-depression-mdd/self-help-for-major-depression [Accessed: 7th May 2015]. State Government of Victoria Better Health (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/Bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Chronic_illness?open [Accessed: 7th May 2015). The Thought and Expression Co. (2015) [Online] Available from: http://thoughtcatalog.com/christopher-hudspeth/2013/05/9-life-coping-mechanisms-you-might-not-realize-youre-using/ [Accessed: 7th May 2015). Web MD (1994-2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/728612_2 [Accessed: 8th May 2015]. Web MD (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/chronic-depression-dysthymia#4 [Accessed: 7th May 2015]. Williams, M. (1997).Cry of pain: Understanding suicide and self-harm. London: Penguin Books.

African americans and Native americans Essay

African Americans and American Indians or Native Americans are two of the major subordinate groups in America today. They face many forms of oppression from the dominant group and have many things in common when it comes to this oppression. I would like to focus on five specific types of oppression they face: stigmatization, segregation, ethnocentrism, prejudice, and discrimination. African Americans are facing stigmatization far less these days, but if one looks back a half-century, they will find countless examples. Stigmatization can include the de-humanization, labeling, characterizing, and degrading of a group. During slavery, blacks were stigmatized into the happy and carefree characters Mammy and Sambo. This was done to show that slavery was good and blacks probably wouldn’t be able to function in free society. When slaves were freed, blacks were painted as savages that could not be trusted to live normally. Caricatures of blacks with exaggerated features and portraits of the characters Sambo and Mammy still exist today. For Native Americans, stigmatization is far worse. Countless sports teams have a Native American as their mascot, some having very derogatory names such as the Washington Redskins. â€Å"Indians† were also portrayed as evil in countless western movies and as ruthless savages in others. These stigmatizations make â€Å"Indians† seem more like fantasy characters than real people. Many people do not realize that these stigmatizations are very hurtful and detrimental to society. Segregation, the separation of two or more groups based on physical characteristics, is another issue that still plagues African Americans and Native Americans. From the moment Europeans set foot on what is now America, they have been forcing â€Å"Indians† farther and farther west. The American government created reservations for the â€Å"Indians† so that they could have the valuable resources that they â€Å"needed†. Treaties were signed and broken, and the â€Å"Indians† moved farther along the Trail of Tears. Reservations still exist today and for the most part Native Americans have are not integrated into American society. Most would like to think that after the Supreme Court case Brown vs. Board of Education, segregation no longer exists for African Americans. Sure it’s not like we still have separate drinking fountains, but by and large blacks and whites are separate. In all major cities large housing projects have been created for low-income persons. The vast majority of the people living there are black. Most inner city schools are almost entirely made up of minorities. Legal segregation is no longer a problem anymore, but social segregation is still a major problem in society today and something needs to be done. Ethnocentrism is the feeling by one group that they are superior to another based on ethnic background. Native Americans have always been the victims of this. They were forced to leave their homeland by the â€Å"superior† Europeans and thought not good enough to live among them. Native Americans still live mostly separate and many people still degrade them and think of them as inferior both mentally and physically. Most people have not been exposed to them yet judge them anyways. This is very sad and disturbing. African Americans were thought of as the lowest, stupidest, least civilized people on earth. The whites thought they were far superior and showed this by literally stealing African Americans from their homeland of Africa and forcing to into slave labor. Even after slavery, white supremacy groups such as the KKK still exist and continue to be a proponent for the inferiority of African Americans. Many think of blacks as being less far less intelligent and civilized even today. Prejudice and discrimination are two of the biggest problems facing African and Native Americans today, and the two go hand in hand. Prejudice involves negative attitudes towards ethnic groups, which can include beliefs, thoughts, and stereotypes. Discrimination is taking action on these prejudices by denying certain rights and opportunities to these groups. Prejudice leads to discrimination of these groups. African Americans as well as Native Americans are discriminated against in employment opportunities, housing options, public school resources, and countless other ways. They are  discriminated against because of these prejudices and stereotypes.For example, say a black man walks into a store with his white friend. The employees of the store are more likely to offer service to the white man and will probably follow the black man to make sure he is not shoplifting. The prejudice views they hold cause them to discriminate against the black man. These problems are very real even today and unless society as a whole addresses them and ways to stop them, they will continue to destroy the fabric of our country.

Children spend too much time playing computer games Essay

Agree or disagree: Your job has greater happiness than your social life. With the past decades witnessing a great leap in the development of the society, we are now attaching great importance to the sense of happiness which can bring us power, arouse our enthusiasm for loving life, and help us to create a promising future. While some people consider jobs provide us with greater happiness, I bolster that our social life can achieve it better. Admittedly, our job brings happiness, as it can meet both our material and spiritual needs. We will realize our self value and social value in our work, thus meeting our spiritual needs. For example, when it comes to men like Bill Gates, charity work reaches new levels of generosity and commitment. Well-known for founding the Bill Melinda Gates Foundation while also contributing to many other causes, Gates is not only one of the wealthiest men in the world-he is also one of the most giving. I’m fully convinced by the instance that one can gain happiness from work. However, a healthy relationship with our friends is the source of happiness and harbor of our heart. Communication with friends could help us get away from the pressure in our work. When we are in blue, we can talk with our friends, thus extricating ourselves from morbid emotions and even solving problems. Besides, some group work like singing, dancing and playing basketball together help us totally relaxed. Last but not the least, by engaging in social life, we can befriend people from all walks of life. Thus, we can enlarge our social networking and have a happier life. For instance, author Michael Lewis said at a speech:† One night I was invited to a dinner, where I sat next to the wife of a big shot at a giant Wall Street investment bank, called Salomon Brothers. She more or less forced her husband to give me a job. â€Å"Then he was so happy that he got a fantastic job and wrote the book Liar’s Poke which was a hit to the country. If he did not take part in the dinner, he would never have become so successful and delightful. It is a hot issue that do you agree or disagree that your job has greater  happiness than your social life does? Admittedly, your job provides opportunities(opportunities) for you to earn money and gain high career(status). However, can we say that job gives more happiness than social life does? Perhaps not; job also brings us about the deep pressure and deprives the leisure staying with friends. Despite various perspectives people hold on this controversial topic, I, given this choice, prefer to assert that social life has happiness than job does. My point of view, involves the fundamental and deep discussion(s) as follows. In the first place, Social life brings us lots of happiness and leisure when staying with our friends. Both common sense and our experiences from our daily life inform us that friends are very familiar with us, and we can gain lots (of) happiness with them. Take me as an example, in my spare time I often invite my friend to go outdoors. We often go to the Starbucks Coffee and enjoy our hobby that she most likes mocha and(while) latte is myfavorite. There are also tens (of) tastes of cookies worthy to try. Most important, they are not very expensive. We oftensite(sit) outside, enjoying our happiness, talking to each other and playing chess. We both enjoy the leisure time and feel much happy. But how can it’s going when you doing your job, you must bear the pressure coming from high quality assignments(assignments with high quality requirements). Apparently, it’s(it is) indisputable that social life brings us more happiness. In addition, an equally essential and compelling argument that deserves people’s attention is that social life enlarges our social relationships(relationship net) net and give(s) us many chances to improve ourselves. One only need to look at that in the last vacation, I participated into a social party with my parents, just as a big dinner with different people. A brother sitting nearby me kept talking with me and was very interesting. He got to know that I was a student preparing Toefl exam and had many difficulties. And(Fortunately) he was just a teacher from New Oriental School. He gave me many instructions about the listening, speaking, reading and writing learning. Then he gave me many valuable Toefl material(s)after the dinner. I followed his advice and improved my  English. If I didn’t(did not) join the dinner, can I gain the improvement? Of course not. I felt happy not only because of the improvement of the English study but also because of the enlargement of the social relationships net(relationship net). Admittedly, it is probably true that we can achieve the money and advancement from the job. But we also experience the high pressure and complex relationship with colleagues. What’s more, if we get caught in the sophisticated relationship, wewon’t(will not) be happy any more. When the advantage and disadvantage (are) carefully examined, the more striking conclusion is apparent that social life brings us more happiness than job does. To sum up, although some people might still (be) unconvinced. But the reasons and factors I have analyzed make them more aware of the dimensions under discussions. There is little doubt that more and more people realize that social life has more happiness. The lecture and the passage give contradictory opinions on the topic of the function of â€Å"great houses† of Chaco Canyon. The passage explains that there are three competing theories about their function, while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view. First, the professor challenges the idea expressed in the reading passage that the great structure purely for people to live. He argues that it is impossible for the structure to be residential although it looks like the later American apartment from outside. Because the house is so great that it could be capacity of more than a hundred families, while only around ten fireplaces have been found, which means it couldn’t serve so many people for their daily cooking. Second, the passage suggests that the Chaco structures were used for grain storage while the lecture says that no trace of spilled maize or containers have been found, so they could not been used to store food. This is where the speaker disagrees with the write Finally the lecture apparently refutes the point illustrated in the passage that the house was for ceremonies. According to the professor, there are lots of materials besides broken pots have been found, such as sands, stones, even construction tools, which provides good evidence that the pots may be the leftover from the meals of the construction worker, and which further proved that the house may be not used for ceremonies